Internet Protocol? and types (IP, TCP, UDP, POP, SMTP, FTP, HTTP and HTTPS)!
Internet protocol? and types (IP, TCP, UDP, POP, SMTP, FTP, HTTP, and HTTPS), etc.
It plays a big role in Ethical Hacking. You've must good understanding of networking that's What is Switch, Router, Hub, Modem?", "What is network topology? What is noces How do works LAN Loc? Area Network) WAN Wide area network MAN Metropolitan Area Network What is network Port?", "What is Internet protocol?" and also Fundamentals of network and wireless Security and last all about NAT, DHCP, Subnetting, Public IP, Private IP, IPv4, IPv6, DNS, ARP, OSI model, MAC address. You must have a piece of Good knowledge about these things.
- a) What is Switch, Router, Hub, Modem?
- b) What is network topology?
- c) What are nodes?
- d) How do works LAN/Local? ( Local Area Network) WAN (Wide Area Network) MAN ( Metropolitan Area Network )
- e) What is a network Port?
- f) What is Internet protocol? and types
- g) Fundamental of network and wireless Security?
- h) All about NAT, DHCP, Subnetting, Public IP, Private IP, IPv4, IPv6, DNS, ARP, OSI model, and MAC address.
What is Internet protocol?
Learn network protocol Its types Internet Protocol or IP Example TCP UDP HTTP FTP ARP ICMP EIGRP OSPF BGP Monitoring tools Basic network standards and protocols Uses List and functions of protocol IP Packets NIC Network Adapter Network routing protocols Wireless network protocols.
Network protocols are a set of rules and conventions that networking devices like computers, should follow to transfer data effectively.
Modern network protocols send data from one computer to another in the form of packets In which the whole file is divided into small pieces. Some security measures are added to each packet. These packets are received and reassembled at the destination to generate the original file.
The security measures that are added to each piece are decided by network protocols and the receiving computer will only be able to understand the received packet and hence, the whole file if it also follows the same networking protocol. Network protocols include internet protocols, wireless network protocols, and network routing protocols.
The internet and lots of different records networks work by organizing facts into small pieces called packets. Each large statistic dispatched between two network gadgets is split into smaller packets by the underlying hardware and software. Each network protocol defines the rules for how its statistics packets should be prepared in unique methods consistent with the protocols the community helps.
Types of Protocols
I can provide you with a table listing some of the most commonly used and important networking protocols, along with their short forms, definitions, and general purposes. Please note that this list is not exhaustive but covers a range of protocols from different layers of the OSI model.
| Protocol | Short Form | Definition | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|
| HTTP | HyperText | Hypertext Transfer Protocol | Used for transmitting web pages and data on the web |
| HTTPS | HyperText | HTTP Secure | Secure version of HTTP for encrypted data transfer |
| TCP | Transmission | Transmission Control Protocol | Ensures reliable data transmission over a network |
| UDP | User | User Datagram Protocol | Provides connectionless, low-overhead data transport |
| IP | Internet | Internet Protocol | Routes data packets across networks |
| ICMP | Internet | Internet Control Message Protocol | Used for network error reporting and diagnostics |
| FTP | File | File Transfer Protocol | Transfers files between systems |
| SSH | Secure | Secure Shell | Provides secure remote access to network devices |
| Telnet | Telephony | Telnet | Provides remote access to network devices |
| SMTP | Simple | Simple Mail Transfer Protocol | Sends emails between servers |
| POP3 | Post Office | Post Office Protocol version 3 | Retrieves email from a mailbox |
| IMAP | Internet | Internet Message Access Protocol | Retrieves and manages email on a remote server |
| DNS | Domain | Domain Name System | Resolves domain names to IP addresses |
| DHCP | Dynamic | Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol | Automatically assigns IP addresses to devices |
| SNMP | Simple | Simple Network Management Protocol | Manages and monitors network devices |
| ARP | Address | Address Resolution Protocol | Maps IP addresses to MAC addresses |
| BGP | Border | Border Gateway Protocol | Routes data between autonomous systems (ASes) |
| ICMPv6 | Internet | Internet Control Message Protocol version 6 | IPv6 version of ICMP for network diagnostics |
| LDAP | Lightweight | Lightweight Directory Access Protocol | Accesses and manages directory services |
| RDP | Remote | Remote Desktop Protocol | Provides remote desktop access to Windows systems |
| SIP | Session | Session Initiation Protocol | Establishes and manages communication sessions |
| VPN | Virtual | Virtual Private Network | Secures and encrypts network connections |
| SNMPv3 | Simple | SNMP version 3 | Enhanced security for network management |
| OSPF | Open Shortest | Open Shortest Path First | Interior gateway protocol for routing |
| RIP | Routing | Routing Information Protocol | Distance-vector routing protocol |
| HTTP/2 | HyperText | HTTP/2 | A faster and more efficient version of HTTP |
| MQTT | Message | Message Queuing Telemetry Transport | Lightweight publish-subscribe messaging protocol |
| NTP | Network | Network Time Protocol | Synchronizes time across network devices |
| SMB | Server | Server Message Block | Provides file and printer sharing on networks |
| DNSSEC | DNS | DNS Security Extensions | Enhances DNS security by adding digital signatures |
| VLAN | Virtual | Virtual LAN | Segments a network into multiple logical networks |
| SNMPv2 | Simple | SNMP version 2 | An earlier version of SNMP with less security |
| STEP | Spanning | Spanning Tree Protocol | Prevents loops in Ethernet networks |
| LDAP | Lightweight | Lightweight Directory Access Protocol | Accesses and manages directory services |
| RAP | Reverse | Reverse ARP | Maps MAC addresses to IP addresses |
| NNTP | Network | Network News Transfer Protocol | Distributes and retrieves news articles |
| ICMPv4 | Internet | Internet Control Message Protocol version 4 | IPv4 version of ICMP for network diagnostics |
| IGMP | Internet | Internet Group Management Protocol | Manages multicast group memberships |
| SCTP | Stream | Stream Control Transmission Protocol | Supports reliable, message-oriented communication |
| BGP4+ | Border | Border Gateway Protocol version 4+ | Enhanced version of BGP for routing |
| L2TP | Layer 2 | Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol | Creates virtual private networks (VPNs) |
| PPTP | Point-to-Point | Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol | Provides secure communication over a network |
| SSL/TLS | Secure | Secure Sockets Layer/Transport Layer Security | Provides secure communication over the Internet |
| DNS over HTTPS | DNS over | DNS over HTTPS | Encrypts DNS queries for privacy and security |
| HTTP/3 | HyperText | HTTP/3 | The latest version of the HTTP protocol |
| XMPP | Extensible | Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol | Real-time communication for messaging applications |
| WebSockets | Web | WebSockets | Enables interactive, two-way communication over HTTP |
| QUICK | Quick | Quick UDP Internet Connections | Provides low-latency, secure communication |
| DHCPv6 | Dynamic | DHCP version 6 | Automatic IP address assignment for IPv6 |
| LDAPv3 | Lightweight | LDAP version 3 | Enhanced version of LDAP for directory services |
| NTPv4 | Network | NTP version 4 | The latest version of the Network Time Protocol |
| RIPv2 | Routing | Routing Information Protocol version 2 | Enhanced version of RIPv1 for routing |
| SRTP | Secure | Secure Real-time Transport Protocol | Secures real-time audio and video communication |
| DCCP | Datagram | Datagram Congestion Control Protocol | Provides reliable, connection-oriented data transfer |
| ICMPv6 | Internet | Internet Control Message Protocol version 6 | IPv6 version of ICMP for network diagnostics |
| IPsec | Internet | Internet Protocol Security | Provides security services for IP communication |
| SNMPv3 | Simple | SNMP version 3 | Enhanced security for network management |
| OSPFv3 | Open Shortest | OSPF version 3 | IPv6 version of OSPF for routing |
| EIGRP | Enhanced | Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol | Cisco's proprietary routing protocol |
| ICMPv4 | Internet | Internet Control Message Protocol version 4 | IPv4 version of ICMP for network diagnostics |
| IGMPv3 | Internet | IGMP version 3 | Enhanced version of IGMP for multicast management |
| BGPv4+ | Border | BGP version 4+ | Enhanced version of BGP for routing |
- Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP)
- User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
- Post office Protocol (POP)
- Simple mail transport Protocol (SMTP)
- File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
- HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and (HTTPS) HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure
- Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)
- Telnet
- Gopher
1) Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP)
These are a set of general guidelines that permit different sorts of computers to talk with each different. The IP protocol ensures that every computer that is linked to the Internet has a particular serial wide variety referred to as the IP deal. TCP specifies how statistics are exchanged over the net and the way they must be broken into IP packets.
It also makes certain that the packets have statistics about the source of the message data, the vacation spot of the message facts, the series in which the message statistics have to be re-assembled, and tests if the message has been dispatched effectively to the particular destination.
The functionality of TCP/IP is split into four layers with each one having particular protocols:
Application Layer: The utility layer makes sure that the data from the sending end is acquired in a format that is perfect and supported at the receiving give-up.
Transport Layer: The shipping layer is responsible for the easy transmission of statistics from one cease to the opposite. It is also answerable for dependable connectivity, blunders recovery, and flow manipulation of the information.
Internet Layer: This Internet Layer movements packets from supply to vacation spot by connecting impartial networks.
Network Access Layer: The Network Access Layer sees how a laptop connects to a network.
2) User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
In computer networking, the User Datagram Protocol is one of the central participants of the Internet protocol suite. With UDP, PC packages can send messages, in this case, called datagrams, to other hosts on an Internet Protocol community.
User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is a communications protocol that is frequently used to establish low-latency and loss-tolerant connections between applications on the internet. UDP hastens transmissions by permitting the switch of statistics earlier than an agreement is furnished using the receiving party.
3) Post office Protocol (POP)
In computing, the Post Office Protocol is a utility-layer Internet popular protocol used by email clients to retrieve electronic mail from a mail server. POP version three is the model in commonplace use.
The publish office protocol (POP) is the maximum commonly used message request protocol in the Internet world for moving messages from an email server to an electronic mail purchaser. With POP3, the e-mail client requests new messages from the e-mail server, and the server “pops” all new messages out to the patron.
4) Simple mail transport Protocol (SMTP)
The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is a web well-known verbal exchange protocol for electronic mail transmission. Mail servers and other message transfer sellers use SMTP to ship and get hold of mail messages.
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is a TCP/IP protocol used in sending and receiving emails. It is usually used with POP3 or Internet Message Access Protocol to save messages in a server mailbox and download them periodically from the server for the user.
5) File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
The File Transfer Protocol is a well-known communique protocol used for the transfer of computer files from a server to a purchaser on a PC community. FTP is built on a consumer–server version architecture using separate control and information connections between the purchaser and the server.
Why is FTP used? File switch protocol is a way to download, upload, and transfer files from one place to another on the internet and between PC structures. FTP permits the switch of documents to and fro among computers or through the cloud.
6) HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and (HTTPS) HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure
The Hypertext Transfer Protocol is a utility layer protocol inside the Internet protocol suite version for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information structures.
What does HyperText Transfer Protocol do? Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application-layer protocol for transmitting hypermedia documents, which include HTML. It turned into designed for verbal exchange among net browsers and net servers, but it can also be used for other functions.
What is hypertext switch protocol secure? Hypertext switch protocol at ease (HTTPS) is the comfy version of HTTP, which is the number one protocol used to ship statistics between a web browser and an internet site. HTTPS is encrypted to increase the security of facts transfer.
Which protocol is used for cozy transmission? The Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol, evolved via Netscape Corporation, is an enterprise-regular trend for community shipping layer security. SSL is supported by way of all currently available Web servers and Web browsers.
7) Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)
In computing, the Internet Message Access Protocol is an Internet fashionable protocol used by e-mail customers to retrieve email messages from a mail server over a TCP/IP connection. IMAP is described via RFC 9051.
What is IMAP and the way does it work? IMAP allows you to get the right of entry to your electronic mail anywhere you're, from any tool. When you examine an e-mail message and the usage of IMAP, you are not, in reality, downloading or storing it for your laptop; rather, you're studying it from the e-mail service.
8) Telnet
Telnet is an application protocol used on the Internet or nearby place networks to offer a bidirectional interactive textual content-orientated conversation facility using a digital terminal connection.
What is telnet used for? Telnet software permits users to test connectivity to faraway machines and problem commands through the usage of a keyboard. Though most customers prefer paintings with graphical interfaces, Telnet is one of the most effective approaches to check connectivity on sure ports.
9) Gopher
The Gopher protocol is a conversation protocol designed for distributing, looking at, and retrieving documents in Internet Protocol networks.
What is a gopher? Gopher is Internet software that permits you to browse many distinctive sorts of assets by looking at menus or listings of information available. Its function is simple to remember because of its call: you use Gopher to "go for" records this is on other computer systems all over the globe.
Some Other Protocols
Some other popular protocols act as co-functioning protocols associated with these primary protocols for core functioning. These are:
I can provide you with a table that lists some popular protocols along with co-functioning protocols that are often used in conjunction with them for various networking and communication purposes. If you have a specific context or primary protocols in mind, please provide more details so I can tailor the table accordingly.
| Primary Protocol | Co-Functioning Protocols | Core Functionality |
|---|---|---|
| HTTP | SSL/TLS, OAuth, WebSocket | Secure web communication, authentication, real-time web applications |
| SMTP | IMAP, POP3, DKIM, SPF, DMARC | Email sending, retrieval, authentication, anti-spam, email security |
| TCP/IP | DNS, DHCP, ARP, ICMP | Address resolution, network configuration, error reporting |
| HTTPS | SSL/TLS, HTTP/2, HTTP/3 | Secure web browsing, improved performance, future-proofing |
| FTP | SFTP, FTPS, TFTP | Secure file transfer, reliable file sharing |
| SSH | SCP, SFTP, Telnet | Secure remote access, file transfer, and command-line sessions |
| DNS | DHCP, DNSSEC, DoT, DoH | Domain name resolution, secure DNS, privacy-enhanced DNS |
| SIP | RTP, SDP, VoIP gateways | Voice and video communication over IP networks |
| SNMP | ICMP, Syslog, NetFlow | Network management, monitoring, and troubleshooting |
| IMAP | SMTP, POP3, CalDAV, CardDAV | Email retrieval, calendar, and contact synchronization |
| POP3 | SMTP, IMAP, STARTTLS | Email retrieval and simple storage |
| BGP | OSPF, EIGRP, RIP | Routing and path selection for internet traffic |
| MQTT | CoAP, AMQP, WebSockets | Lightweight IoT messaging, interoperability |
| XMPP | BOSH, WebSocket, Jingle | Real-time messaging, voice, and video chat |
| RDP | VNC, SSH, RemoteApp | Remote desktop access and application virtualization |
| NFS | CIFS/SMB, FTP, SSHFS | File sharing and remote access to file systems |
| LDAP | LDAPS, Kerberos, SAML | Directory services, authentication, and identity management |
| NTP | SNTP, PTP, Chrony | Time synchronization for network devices |
| SNMP | ICMP, Syslog, NetFlow | Network management, monitoring, and troubleshooting |
| CoAP (Constrained App Prot) | MQTT, HTTP, WebSockets | Lightweight IoT communication, RESTful interaction |
This table provides an overview of popular primary protocols and some of the co-functioning protocols often used alongside them. Please let me know if you have a specific focus or need more information about any of these protocols or their relationships.