Internet Protocol? and types (IP, TCP, UDP, POP, SMTP, FTP, HTTP and HTTPS)!

Internet protocol? and types (IP, TCP, UDP, POP, SMTP, FTP, HTTP, and HTTPS), etc.

It plays a big role in Ethical Hacking. You've must good understanding of networking that's What is Switch, Router, Hub, Modem?", "What is network topology? What is noces How do works LAN Loc? Area Network) WAN Wide area network MAN Metropolitan Area Network What is network Port?", "What is Internet protocol?" and also Fundamentals of network and wireless Security and last all about NAT, DHCP, Subnetting, Public IP, Private IP, IPv4, IPv6, DNS, ARP, OSI model, MAC address. You must have a piece of Good knowledge about these things.

• a) What is Switch, Router, Hub, Modem?
• b) What is network topology?
• c) What are nodes?
• d) How do works LAN/Local? ( Local Area Network) WAN (Wide Area Network) MAN ( Metropolitan Area Network ) 
• e) What is a network Port?
• f) What is Internet protocol? and types
• g) Fundamental of network and wireless Security?
• h) All about NAT, DHCP, Subnetting, Public IP, Private IP, IPv4, IPv6, DNS, ARP, OSI model, and MAC address. 

What is Internet protocol?

Learn network protocol Its types Internet Protocol or IP Example TCP UDP HTTP FTP ARP ICMP EIGRP OSPF BGP Monitoring tools Basic network standards and protocols Uses List and functions of protocol IP Packets NIC Network Adapter Network routing protocols Wireless network protocols.

Network protocols are a set of rules and conventions that networking devices like computers, should follow to transfer data effectively. 

Modern network protocols send data from one computer to another in the form of packets In which the whole file is divided into small pieces. Some security measures are added to each packet. These packets are received and reassembled at the destination to generate the original file.

The security measures that are added to each piece are decided by network protocols and the receiving computer will only be able to understand the received packet and hence, the whole file if it also follows the same networking protocol. Network protocols include internet protocols, wireless network protocols, and network routing protocols.

The internet and lots of different records networks work by organizing facts into small pieces called packets. Each large statistic dispatched between two network gadgets is split into smaller packets by the underlying hardware and software. Each network protocol defines the rules for how its statistics packets should be prepared in unique methods consistent with the protocols the community helps.

Types of Protocols

I can provide you with a table listing some of the most commonly used and important networking protocols, along with their short forms, definitions, and general purposes. Please note that this list is not exhaustive but covers a range of protocols from different layers of the OSI model.

Protocol	Short Form	Definition	Purpose
HTTP	HyperText	Hypertext Transfer Protocol	Used for transmitting web pages and data on the web
HTTPS	HyperText	HTTP Secure	Secure version of HTTP for encrypted data transfer
TCP	Transmission	Transmission Control Protocol	Ensures reliable data transmission over a network
UDP	User	User Datagram Protocol	Provides connectionless, low-overhead data transport
IP	Internet	Internet Protocol	Routes data packets across networks
ICMP	Internet	Internet Control Message Protocol	Used for network error reporting and diagnostics
FTP	File	File Transfer Protocol	Transfers files between systems
SSH	Secure	Secure Shell	Provides secure remote access to network devices
Telnet	Telephony	Telnet	Provides remote access to network devices
SMTP	Simple	Simple Mail Transfer Protocol	Sends emails between servers
POP3	Post Office	Post Office Protocol version 3	Retrieves email from a mailbox
IMAP	Internet	Internet Message Access Protocol	Retrieves and manages email on a remote server
DNS	Domain	Domain Name System	Resolves domain names to IP addresses
DHCP	Dynamic	Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol	Automatically assigns IP addresses to devices
SNMP	Simple	Simple Network Management Protocol	Manages and monitors network devices
ARP	Address	Address Resolution Protocol	Maps IP addresses to MAC addresses
BGP	Border	Border Gateway Protocol	Routes data between autonomous systems (ASes)
ICMPv6	Internet	Internet Control Message Protocol version 6	IPv6 version of ICMP for network diagnostics
LDAP	Lightweight	Lightweight Directory Access Protocol	Accesses and manages directory services
RDP	Remote	Remote Desktop Protocol	Provides remote desktop access to Windows systems
SIP	Session	Session Initiation Protocol	Establishes and manages communication sessions
VPN	Virtual	Virtual Private Network	Secures and encrypts network connections
SNMPv3	Simple	SNMP version 3	Enhanced security for network management
OSPF	Open Shortest	Open Shortest Path First	Interior gateway protocol for routing
RIP	Routing	Routing Information Protocol	Distance-vector routing protocol
HTTP/2	HyperText	HTTP/2	A faster and more efficient version of HTTP
MQTT	Message	Message Queuing Telemetry Transport	Lightweight publish-subscribe messaging protocol
NTP	Network	Network Time Protocol	Synchronizes time across network devices
SMB	Server	Server Message Block	Provides file and printer sharing on networks
DNSSEC	DNS	DNS Security Extensions	Enhances DNS security by adding digital signatures
VLAN	Virtual	Virtual LAN	Segments a network into multiple logical networks
SNMPv2	Simple	SNMP version 2	An earlier version of SNMP with less security
STEP	Spanning	Spanning Tree Protocol	Prevents loops in Ethernet networks
LDAP	Lightweight	Lightweight Directory Access Protocol	Accesses and manages directory services
RAP	Reverse	Reverse ARP	Maps MAC addresses to IP addresses
NNTP	Network	Network News Transfer Protocol	Distributes and retrieves news articles
ICMPv4	Internet	Internet Control Message Protocol version 4	IPv4 version of ICMP for network diagnostics
IGMP	Internet	Internet Group Management Protocol	Manages multicast group memberships
SCTP	Stream	Stream Control Transmission Protocol	Supports reliable, message-oriented communication
BGP4+	Border	Border Gateway Protocol version 4+	Enhanced version of BGP for routing
L2TP	Layer 2	Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol	Creates virtual private networks (VPNs)
PPTP	Point-to-Point	Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol	Provides secure communication over a network
SSL/TLS	Secure	Secure Sockets Layer/Transport Layer Security	Provides secure communication over the Internet
DNS over HTTPS	DNS over	DNS over HTTPS	Encrypts DNS queries for privacy and security
HTTP/3	HyperText	HTTP/3	The latest version of the HTTP protocol
XMPP	Extensible	Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol	Real-time communication for messaging applications
WebSockets	Web	WebSockets	Enables interactive, two-way communication over HTTP
QUICK	Quick	Quick UDP Internet Connections	Provides low-latency, secure communication
DHCPv6	Dynamic	DHCP version 6	Automatic IP address assignment for IPv6
LDAPv3	Lightweight	LDAP version 3	Enhanced version of LDAP for directory services
NTPv4	Network	NTP version 4	The latest version of the Network Time Protocol
RIPv2	Routing	Routing Information Protocol version 2	Enhanced version of RIPv1 for routing
SRTP	Secure	Secure Real-time Transport Protocol	Secures real-time audio and video communication
DCCP	Datagram	Datagram Congestion Control Protocol	Provides reliable, connection-oriented data transfer
ICMPv6	Internet	Internet Control Message Protocol version 6	IPv6 version of ICMP for network diagnostics
IPsec	Internet	Internet Protocol Security	Provides security services for IP communication
SNMPv3	Simple	SNMP version 3	Enhanced security for network management
OSPFv3	Open Shortest	OSPF version 3	IPv6 version of OSPF for routing
EIGRP	Enhanced	Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol	Cisco's proprietary routing protocol
ICMPv4	Internet	Internet Control Message Protocol version 4	IPv4 version of ICMP for network diagnostics
IGMPv3	Internet	IGMP version 3	Enhanced version of IGMP for multicast management
BGPv4+	Border	BGP version 4+	Enhanced version of BGP for routing

<3>Various types of protocols support a major and compassionate role in communicating with different devices across the network. These are:

• Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP)
• User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
• Post office Protocol (POP)
• Simple mail transport Protocol (SMTP)
• File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
• HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and  (HTTPS) HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure
• Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)
• Telnet
• Gopher

1) Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP)

These are a set of general guidelines that permit different sorts of computers to talk with each different. The IP protocol ensures that every computer that is linked to the Internet has a particular serial wide variety referred to as the IP deal. TCP specifies how statistics are exchanged over the net and the way they must be broken into IP packets. 

It also makes certain that the packets have statistics about the source of the message data, the vacation spot of the message facts, the series in which the message statistics have to be re-assembled, and tests if the message has been dispatched effectively to the particular destination.

The functionality of TCP/IP is split into four layers with each one having particular protocols:

Application Layer: The utility layer makes sure that the data from the sending end is acquired in a format that is perfect and supported at the receiving give-up.

Transport Layer: The shipping layer is responsible for the easy transmission of statistics from one cease to the opposite. It is also answerable for dependable connectivity, blunders recovery, and flow manipulation of the information.

Internet Layer: This Internet Layer movements packets from supply to vacation spot by connecting impartial networks.

Network Access Layer: The Network Access Layer sees how a laptop connects to a network.

2) User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

In computer networking, the User Datagram Protocol is one of the central participants of the Internet protocol suite. With UDP, PC packages can send messages, in this case, called datagrams, to other hosts on an Internet Protocol community.

User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is a communications protocol that is frequently used to establish low-latency and loss-tolerant connections between applications on the internet. UDP hastens transmissions by permitting the switch of statistics earlier than an agreement is furnished using the receiving party.

3) Post office Protocol (POP)

In computing, the Post Office Protocol is a utility-layer Internet popular protocol used by email clients to retrieve electronic mail from a mail server. POP version three is the model in commonplace use. 

The publish office protocol (POP) is the maximum commonly used message request protocol in the Internet world for moving messages from an email server to an electronic mail purchaser. With POP3, the e-mail client requests new messages from the e-mail server, and the server “pops” all new messages out to the patron.

4) Simple mail transport Protocol (SMTP)

The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is a web well-known verbal exchange protocol for electronic mail transmission. Mail servers and other message transfer sellers use SMTP to ship and get hold of mail messages.

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is a TCP/IP protocol used in sending and receiving emails. It is usually used with POP3 or Internet Message Access Protocol to save messages in a server mailbox and download them periodically from the server for the user.

5) File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

The File Transfer Protocol is a well-known communique protocol used for the transfer of computer files from a server to a purchaser on a PC community. FTP is built on a consumer–server version architecture using separate control and information connections between the purchaser and the server.

Why is FTP used? File switch protocol is a way to download, upload, and transfer files from one place to another on the internet and between PC structures. FTP permits the switch of documents to and fro among computers or through the cloud.

6) HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and (HTTPS) HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure

The Hypertext Transfer Protocol is a utility layer protocol inside the Internet protocol suite version for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information structures.

What does HyperText Transfer Protocol do? Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application-layer protocol for transmitting hypermedia documents, which include HTML. It turned into designed for verbal exchange among net browsers and net servers, but it can also be used for other functions.

What is hypertext switch protocol secure? Hypertext switch protocol at ease (HTTPS) is the comfy version of HTTP, which is the number one protocol used to ship statistics between a web browser and an internet site. HTTPS is encrypted to increase the security of facts transfer.

Which protocol is used for cozy transmission? The Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol, evolved via Netscape Corporation, is an enterprise-regular trend for community shipping layer security. SSL is supported by way of all currently available Web servers and Web browsers.

7) Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)

In computing, the Internet Message Access Protocol is an Internet fashionable protocol used by e-mail customers to retrieve email messages from a mail server over a TCP/IP connection. IMAP is described via RFC 9051.

What is IMAP and the way does it work? IMAP allows you to get the right of entry to your electronic mail anywhere you're, from any tool. When you examine an e-mail message and the usage of IMAP, you are not, in reality, downloading or storing it for your laptop; rather, you're studying it from the e-mail service.

8) Telnet

Telnet is an application protocol used on the Internet or nearby place networks to offer a bidirectional interactive textual content-orientated conversation facility using a digital terminal connection.

What is telnet used for? Telnet software permits users to test connectivity to faraway machines and problem commands through the usage of a keyboard. Though most customers prefer paintings with graphical interfaces, Telnet is one of the most effective approaches to check connectivity on sure ports.

9) Gopher

The Gopher protocol is a conversation protocol designed for distributing, looking at, and retrieving documents in Internet Protocol networks. 

What is a gopher? Gopher is Internet software that permits you to browse many distinctive sorts of assets by looking at menus or listings of information available. Its function is simple to remember because of its call: you use Gopher to "go for" records this is on other computer systems all over the globe.

Some Other Protocols

Some other popular protocols act as co-functioning protocols associated with these primary protocols for core functioning. These are:

I can provide you with a table that lists some popular protocols along with co-functioning protocols that are often used in conjunction with them for various networking and communication purposes. If you have a specific context or primary protocols in mind, please provide more details so I can tailor the table accordingly.

Primary Protocol	Co-Functioning Protocols	Core Functionality
HTTP	SSL/TLS, OAuth, WebSocket	Secure web communication, authentication, real-time web applications
SMTP	IMAP, POP3, DKIM, SPF, DMARC	Email sending, retrieval, authentication, anti-spam, email security
TCP/IP	DNS, DHCP, ARP, ICMP	Address resolution, network configuration, error reporting
HTTPS	SSL/TLS, HTTP/2, HTTP/3	Secure web browsing, improved performance, future-proofing
FTP	SFTP, FTPS, TFTP	Secure file transfer, reliable file sharing
SSH	SCP, SFTP, Telnet	Secure remote access, file transfer, and command-line sessions
DNS	DHCP, DNSSEC, DoT, DoH	Domain name resolution, secure DNS, privacy-enhanced DNS
SIP	RTP, SDP, VoIP gateways	Voice and video communication over IP networks
SNMP	ICMP, Syslog, NetFlow	Network management, monitoring, and troubleshooting
IMAP	SMTP, POP3, CalDAV, CardDAV	Email retrieval, calendar, and contact synchronization
POP3	SMTP, IMAP, STARTTLS	Email retrieval and simple storage
BGP	OSPF, EIGRP, RIP	Routing and path selection for internet traffic
MQTT	CoAP, AMQP, WebSockets	Lightweight IoT messaging, interoperability
XMPP	BOSH, WebSocket, Jingle	Real-time messaging, voice, and video chat
RDP	VNC, SSH, RemoteApp	Remote desktop access and application virtualization
NFS	CIFS/SMB, FTP, SSHFS	File sharing and remote access to file systems
LDAP	LDAPS, Kerberos, SAML	Directory services, authentication, and identity management
NTP	SNTP, PTP, Chrony	Time synchronization for network devices
SNMP	ICMP, Syslog, NetFlow	Network management, monitoring, and troubleshooting
CoAP (Constrained App Prot)	MQTT, HTTP, WebSockets	Lightweight IoT communication, RESTful interaction

This table provides an overview of popular primary protocols and some of the co-functioning protocols often used alongside them. Please let me know if you have a specific focus or need more information about any of these protocols or their relationships.